Class and Responsibility

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Social Exclusion

See David Batty. Social exclusion: the issue explained


Signs of/factors leading to social exclusion:

  • unemployment, poor skills ==> low incomes
  • poor housing
  • high crime
  • bad health, drug addiction
  • lack of medical care in deprived areas
  • family breakdown
  • high teenage pregnancy rate
  • homelessness
  • high number of young people not in education/training or employment and truancy/school exclusion


Solutions: Government tries to establish institutions that

  • analyse the causes and publish the results in reports.
  • critically evaluate local governments' work to improve efforts to help socially excluded groups
  • help to improve cooperation of departments / institutions to solve the multi-faceted problem
  • initiate programmes to improve health of children, reduce teenage pregnancy and school exclusion and to counsel young people about education and employment
  • coordinate efforts to encourage private investment in deprived communities.



Essay - Every child growing up in poverty is a ticking social timebomb

Collection of ideas

These children will often ...


Thesis Statement Supporting Points (more general/abstract) Examples (specific, images)
  • become criminals
don't have money to buy special things -> steal girls steal e.g. a Prada handbag
  • turn to violence
can't express themselves, envy, surroundings are bad -> learn solving conflicts by violence, aggression as a way of getting money throwing stones at expensive cars/ scratching with keys
  • have no positive idols
unemployed parents -> missing successful role models/ belief in working your way up girl sees her mother prostituting herself -> role model for her later life
  • have no motivation
children think they don't have a chance to get out of poverty/bad money situation parents don't give their children any hopes (no disappointing later)

parents can't afford university -> tell them that from the start

  • be in danger of becoming depressive
can't afford, what makes your dreams come true; work hard -> nearly no result; often have been rejected s.o. wants to found a company but he doesn't even get the money from the bank
  • have no education → find no jobs
no money/supporting background
  • elect extremists
believing in wrong promises, no achievement of big parties for poor people total equality (left party), electing the right party against foreigners taking their jobs
  • develop anger and hatred
-> see violence
  • make money with prostitution
only way of getting money very fast, no need of qualification
  • face teenage pregnancy/parenthood
girls want something that loves them, role models -> seeing it as normal

Writing an introduction

Check if the introduction ...

  • introduces the topic (+)
  • gives readers an idea of what dirction the essay will take (+)
  • provides an overview of the structure/line of argument (+)
  • implies/poses a question and creates an expactation/interetst in the readers (+)
  • states general truths/defines what needs no definition (-)
  • asks questions/announces answers but does not give them (-)


Possible Introductions

  • Question:
  • Basic thesis/contrast ==> Definition:
  • Surprising fact / statistic:
  • Quotation:



Class: Two Language Samples

  • RP Received Pronunciation, University education
  • EstEngl Estuary English